Evaporator for petroleum-oils or other liquids.



M. J. TRUMBLE. EVAPORATOR FOR PETROLEUM OILS OR OTHER LI UiDs.

APPLICATION FILED APR.5,1910.

Patented July 4, 1911.

. or chamber adapted to EVAPORATOR.FOR PETROLEUM-OILS OR OTHER LIQUIDS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed April 5, 1910.

Serial No. 553,656.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,

Los Angeles, and State of a specification.

My invention is especially designed for causing the evaporatlon ofliquids in a rapid and efficient manner.

An object of my invention is to provide an evaporator in which theliquid to be evaporated is applied to the heating surface in a thin filmcause evaporation of the liquid.

Another object of my invention is to provide means in an evaporatorwhich will at all times cause the liquid to be evaporated to be kept incontact with a heated surface.

Another object of myinvention is to provide in an evaporator of thecharacter described, means readily pass from the evaporator.

Further objects and advantages of my i11- vention will appearspecification.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a preferred .form of my invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section of an apparatus designedand arranged especially for the distillation of petroleum oils. Fig. 2is a horizontal section on line w -w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlargedfragmental section of the evaporating chamber and the vapor intake,together with the spreader means. Fig. .1 is a modification of myinvention particularly adapted for the entire evaporation of water orsimilar liquid.

1 indicates a' vertical closed cylindrical shell sustain pressure havinga closure 2 at the upper end.

3 is a residuum outlet at the bottom of the chamber shown in Fig. 1. e

4 is a vapor take-oft cont-rallylocated within the chamber 1 and isarranged to collect the vapors within the chamber.

5, 5, 5 are liquid spreaders or distributers, and as shown are formed ashoods surrounding the vapor take-off 4: and are spaced apart at suitabledistances therealong to spread the liquid at close intervals.

G, (3, 6 are perforations 1n the vapor ta he off 4: arranged beneath thel1ql11(l spreaders.

MiLoN J. TRUMBLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at in thecounty of Los Angeles California, have invented a new and usefulEvaporator for Petroleum-Oils or other Liquids, of which the followingis to more readily absorb heat to whereby the' vapor may from thefollowing 7, 7 are branches connecting the vapor takeoff with the leadpipe 8 on the exterior of the heating chamber 9.

Referring to the oil evaporator shown in Fig. 1, 10 is an oil supplypipe arranged to deliver oil into a casing or drum 11., from which it isdrawn by pipe 12 into the casing or drum 13.

In the form shown in Fig. 1, 14 is a pipe communicating at one end withthe casing 13 and at its other end with the top of the vert-ical shell 1through a nipple 15 to deliver the liquid onto the top of the upper hoodshaped spreader 5, while in the form shown in Fig. 1 such pipe mayconnect with any suitable source of liquid supply. 16 indicates a valveto control the flow of vapors from the evaporator. 17 is a valvearranged beyond the casing 11 on the condensate pipe 18 which passesthrough the casing 11. The residuum from the. chamber passes out throughthe outlet 3 and throughthe pipe 520. 15) is a valve arranged to controlthe flow of liquids through such residuum pipe 20. 2]. indicates a tirebox.

I will first describe my invention as illustrated in Fig. 1 and used inthe operation of distilling liquid hydrocarbons. Oil is supplied throughthe pipe line 10 to the easing 11 which surrounds the condensate pipe18. The cold oil will absorb heat from and condense the vapors passingthrough such pipe; thereby heating the oil. The oil passes from thecasing 11 into the casing 13 where it absorbs heat from the residuumpassing through the pipe 20. The oil having been heated by its passagethrough the casing 11 and 13 passes from the casing 13 into the feedpipe l land enters the top of the vertical evaporating chamber throughthe nipple l5 and is delivered upon the top spreader 5. The spreader 5deflects the oil outwardly against the inner walls of the chamber and itflows down along such Walls in a thin film and absorbs heat which isapplied to the exterior of the vertical chamber. By providing a seriesof the spreader-s, spaced apart, as shown, the liquid is carriedoutwardly and broughtiulo contact with the inner walls of theevaporating chamber and kept flowing down the walls of the chamber in athin filn The vapor from Patented July 4, 1911.-

ers 5, 5 and 5 the vapor line 8 and. will pass outwardly into throughthe branches 7 and into the condensing pipe 18 in the casing 11 and willgive up heat to the body of cold oil surrounding the vapor line, and thecondensed vapors will be drawn off through the valve 17. The residuumwill pass out of the chamber through the outlet 3 and be carried by thepipe 20 through the casing 13 where the oil surrounding such pipe willabsorb heat from the residuum.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a modification of my invention insofar as thecasings 11 and 13, and the outlet 3, and residuum pipe 20 are dispensedwith and only one branch from the take-off is employed. This form isespecially adaptable for the evaporation of water or liquids of a likenature, that is to say, liqcids which are wholly evaporated within thechamber and from which there is no residuum. I have not .shown any meansfor condensing the vapors generated in this form for the reason that itmay be used as a steam generator .for power purposes.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated the means for applyingheat to my evaporator as a vertical heating chamber, such as 9, adaptedto receive the heat from'a fire box 21. But other forms of applying heatto the evaporator will readily suggest themselves to those skilled inthe .art and I do not consider it necessary to illustrate all forms ofmeans for the application of heat to which my invention is susceptible.

The spreaders 5 are arranged or spaced at a distance from the walls ofthe vertical chamber which will insure the bringing of all the liquid inpassing downwardly through the vertical evaporating chamber against suchwall. In the event any of the liquid should be thrown toward the centerof the chamber through any bubbling or boiling action, such liquid willbe caught upon the next spreader'orwill if it strikes the vapor take-offline run downwardly therealon until it encounters the succeeding spreaer and will then be again carried out into contact with the wall.

Other means for distributing the oil will readily suggest themselves tothose versed in the art, and I have therefore shown only one form in thedrawings.

By arranging the perforations 6 beneath I am enabled hood Spreaders,such as shown, to provide outlets for the vapors generated and preventsuch outlets from becoming stopped up or closed in any way on account ofoil or liquid flowing over such perforations, and I consider this as apreferable manner of allowing the vapors to be drawn from theevaporator.

The form shown in Fig. 1 is especially adapted for distilling or toppingoils prodeposit of carbon due to duced in the State of California andelsewhere whereina large percentage of water is contained in such oil inthe form of an emulsion and I am enabled by the use of my evaporator torapidly and economically evaporate the lighter liquid hydrocarbons fromsuch oils, as well as evaporating the water contained therein. By theuse of my evaporator in evaporating the oils from California petroleumwells, I avoid all liability of such oils puking or spuing from thestill, thereby materially reducing the expense of the distillation ofsuch oils.

By means of my device I am enabled to bring the liquid to be evaporatedinto absorbing contact with a heated surface in a thin film, therebyheating the entire body of body of the liquid in order to escape fromsuch liquid. This action is especially desirable in the treatment ofoils carrying water in emulsion as it allows the water to evaporate fromand be carried away from the oil without causing bubbling or foaming,which is the cause of stills heretofore used puking when used upon thatclass of oils.

By causing the oil to travel in a thin film along the walls of a heatedchamber the freeing the hydrogen by evaporation from the oil isprevented, as any small atoms of carbon will be carried down with therapidly flowing film of oil and pass off through the residuum outletpipe at the bottom of the chamber. The accumulation of carbon has been avery serious obstacle to the continuous operation of stills forevaporating hydrocarbons as heretofore used, and by my invention thisobjection is entirel obviated. I regard this as a very important featureof my invention.

When the form shown in Fig. 4 is em-- ployed as a steam generator forpower purposes, the water' feed thereto through pipe la is underpressure and the supply'thereof is regulated to the amount required tofurnish the steam used.

What I claim is 1. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber having asubstantially vertical wall, means arranged to spread a liquid over theWall of such chamber, a liquid into the chamber above the liquidspreading means, a vapor tak'e-ofl arranged within the chamber, alateral branch connecting with such vapor take-off to convey the vaporsto the exterior of the chamber, and means for heating the wall of thechamber.

2. In a liquid evaporator, a closed cham-' ber having a substantiallyvertical wall,

means for delivering therein against the wall' thereof, a vaportake-ofi' arranged within the chamber and at a distance from the wallthereof, branch means connecting with such vapor take-off and passingoutwardly through the wall ofthe chamber, and means for regulating theflow of Va ors from the chamber.

4. In a iquid evaporator, a closed chamber, means for feeding a liquidinto the top of such chamber, a centrally arranged vapor.

.take-ofi' pipe in the chamber, a liquid spreader surrounding the vaporpipe and arranged to spread a liquid a ainst the wall of the chamber,means for lea in vapors from the vapor pipe, and means for supplyingheat to the exterior of the chamber.

'5. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, means for feeding a liquidinto the chamber, a spreader hood arranged within suchchamber and belowthe liquid feed, such hood being arranged to spread the liquid fed intothe chamber over the wall thereof in a thinfilm, and Vapor take-oilmeans arranged to take olf vapors beneath such hood. I

6. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamher, a vertical vaportake-ofi?pipe arranged in such chamber, a spreader hoodsupported bysuch take-ofipipe, and means for feeding oil into the chamber and onto the spreaderhood. n 7. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, a vertical vaportake-oil pipe arranged in such chamber, a plurality of spreaders carriedby such vapor take-off pipe, and

means for feeding a liquid into such chamber above the spreaders.

8. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, a vertical vapor take-offpipe arranged in' such chamber, a spreader carried by the take-off pipe,means for feeding a 1i uid into the chamber and onto the sprea er, andmeans for admitting vapors to the take-ofl" pipe arranged below thespreader.

9. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, means for'feeding aliquidthereto, a vertical perforated vapor'take-ofi pipe in the chamber,spreaders arranged within the chamber and adapted to spreada liquid overthe wall thereof, means arranged above the perforations in the vaportake-01f pipe to prevent a liquid from flowing thereover, and

pipe to convey the vapors away from the chamber.

10. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, a vertical perforatedvapor take-off pipe in the chamber, a plurality of spreaders within thechamber arranged to spreada liquid over the walls of the chamber in auniform flowing film, means for preventing the liquid from contactingwith the perforations in the perforated vapor take-off pipe, and meansfor feeding a liquid into the chamber above the spreaders.

11. In a liquid evaporator, a vertical closed chamber; means for feedinga liquid into the top of such chamber, spreaders spaced apart one belowanother within the chamber, and below the liquid feed, such spreadersbeing all adapted and arranged to spread a liquid in thin film like formover the wall of the chamber, and vapor take-ofi' means arranged toconvey vapors from the chamber.

12. In a liquid evaporator, a closed chamber, means for feeding a liquidinto the top of such chamber, a vertical vapor take-oflt' pipe having aseries of perforations therein arranged centrally within the chamber, f

spreader hoods-mounted upon and carried by such take-ofi pipe andarranged to deflect and spread a liquid over the walls of the chamber infilm like form, such spreader hoods being arranged respectively abovethe whereby the liqu is prevented from flowing over such per orations inthe vapor takeoff pipe. r

13. In a liquid vaporizer, a closed chamber having a substantiallyvertical wall, means for heating the chamber, means for feeding liquidinto the top .of the chamber, distributers arranged at spaced pointsalong the chamber to cause the liquid to flow in a film over the wall ofthe chamber, and a plurality of Vapor outlets located at suitablerespective perforgtions in the take-01f pipe,

points along the chamber for effecting an escape of the vapors.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles,California, this 30th day of March 1910.

MILON J. TRUMBLE.

65 means connecting with the vapor take-off

